Chitosan a natural cationic polysaccharide, received popular attention in various fields. In pharma and medical chitosan has been used not only as artificial skin, absorbable surgical suture, and a wound healing accelerator, Read more
but also as new physiological materials due to their antitumor, immune enhancing, antimicrobial and hypocholesterolemic properties. Chitosan has been investigated as an exicipient in the pharmaceutical industry , to be directly used as direct tablet compression, as a tablet disintegrant, for the production of controlled release solid dosage forms or for the improvement of drug dissolution.
Recently, chitosan has been considered for pharmaceutical formulation and drug delivery applications in which attention has been focused on its absorption-enhancing, controlled release and bioadhesive properties. Chitosan lacks irritant or allergic effects and is biocompatible with both healthy and infected human skin. Insulin-loaded liposomes coated with chitosan to improve the enteral absorption of insulin in rat showed an increased absorption of insulin and also used in buccal delivery. Chitosan is widely used for sustainable release and to improve dissolution of poorly soluble drugs. Chitosan has low toxicity and good ocular tolerance biological behavior such as bioadhesion, permeability‐enhancing properties, and interesting physico‐chemical provides a path to design ocular drug delivery vehicles. Chitosan is used in designing various types of drug carriers for several administration routes includes oral, parenteral, nasal, buccal, transdermal, vaginal, topical etc. It can be formulated as nanoparticles, microspheres,
membrane sponge etc.